a cultural kaleidoscope - led shop signs

Italian of Carlton, Russian of St. Kilda, Greek of Doncaster? Look again.
The footprint of newcomers settling in Melbourne is changing.
Melbourne's multicultural identity is an ongoing geographic work, and the settlement model creates a map of the city whose national identity is as subtle as the most complex terrain, but flows like water.
Streams, bushes, and extensive nationality are revealed in the lies of the land, followed by the story of a city battling a man who has never before
Change the landscape.
Immigrants are attracted to certain places for personal, social, cultural and economic reasons.
As the number of people grows, the entire suburb is experiencing subtle and subtle personality changes.
The process is not without wear and tear, but in general, observers agree that tolerance and tolerance for diversity are things that Melbourne seems to be doing fairly well.
Prime Minister Steve brakes says history is one of the reasons why Melbourne and Victoria are doing better than other states and cities.
During the 19 th century, Melbourne experienced a wave of immigrants without other colonies at that time, which made Victoria "have a historical perspective on immigration longer than any other state in Australia ", said blelectrox.
Six years after Melbourne was founded, the first wave of waves hit the water, when Irish refugees who fled the potato famine arrived in 1841.
Unlike Catholics in Wales and Scotland, Irish Catholics have no access to schools, churches and other institutions that British settlers are building.
So they started to create their own institutions to gain the status, education and wealth needed to infiltrate politics, bureaucracy, law, and the eventual union movement.
Professor Mary kalantz, chairman of education at the University of RMIT, said that in Sydney, it is arguably more difficult to obtain these important social foothold, and the British have long been prisoners and Irish, not all free settlers.
"But the Irish are also making more progress, because as Catholics, they have to fight for more in this country," kalantz said . ".
So you will fight for others, and the league will work.
Melbourne logo. . .
Its Irish tradition, which I think makes it better than New South Wales born in Englandto-rule heritage.
"When the gold rush started in 1851, the rest of the world followed the Irish quickly.
Melbourne is the only port to enter the Victorian era and the richest port in Australia.
Over the past decade, there has been an influx of people into the city.
Italian, French, Polish, German, American and Chinese, and immigrants from the British Isles
Melbourne has become accustomed to different faces and cultures.
Maria Tence, community exhibition manager at Melbourne Immigration Museum, said that people in all these countries must get along with each other in gold mines.
By the time of Eureka Stockade, the alliance was strong enough. although the number of people in the fort was small, the cultural diversity was great: Italian, German, Polish, Croatian and American
Australian opposition to British colonial government
"The idea that different countries of origin are coming together to defend a cause is said to be when Australian identity begins to take shape and multicultural starts to concrete," Tence said . ".
Similarly, the story of Chinese people in gold mines is mainly about peaceful cooperation. existence.
Although occasionally there will be
Chinese riots, Kalantzis said, were in the initial gold rush and the massive
Scale of Chinese immigrants
In addition, the authorities have also given serious protection to China, and the police have provided assistance and compensation for their losses and injuries.
This is not to say that xenophobia, especially to the Chinese, is unrealistic.
In the second half of the 19 th century, it led to state and national laws designed to prevent Chinese entry, and later even prevented non-
European immigrants.
But Bracks says many of the early immigrants who were "embedded" in Victorian society often became community leaders in their own way.
As a result, Melbourne's early experiences and Irish heritage continue to resonate, creating fertile ground for multicultural roots to take root in the second half of the 20 th century.
With such a history, Kalantzis and Tence said that the first serious opposition to white Australian policy in 1959 was entirely characteristic, when progressive lawyers formed the immigration reform group and began lobbying. 66 years, non
The ban on White immigration was lifted.
Instead, the European system is still favored, but by the age of 60, more than 6000 immigrants come from Asia every year.
Ten years later, the concept of multicultural was also promoted from Melbourne, starting with a landmark report by lawyer Frank galbali.
Until then, the Australian government has adopted a passive integration policy.
The experience of the 1950 s tells us that assimilation is not going to work and it is recognized that new Australians want to build their own social and cultural organizations.
Multicultural has gone further in promoting and celebrating diversity.
Another Victorian prime minister, Malcolm Fraser, declared when he commissioned the Galbally Report: "We cannot ask people to give up their cherished legacy, however, as a full member of our society, they are expected to be welcomed.
The prime ministers of the Victorian era also expressed the same view.
At the peak of the "one nation" phenomenon, Jeff Kennett publicly condemned the party's opposition
The spirit of immigration, among those interviewed in this report, the message of a country that has little resonance in Victoria, is a matter of pride.
"They don't have any foothold here," Bracks said . ".
By the time the Galbally Report was released in late 1970, the mass immigration program had permanently changed the face of Melbourne.
In 1947, more Melbourne people were Australian. born of Anglo-Saxon descent.
Overseas-76 years
The number of people born is large enough to make them feel their presence in certain suburbs, although not so many people have been able to take over.
Britain, Italy and Greece are the largest groups to enter Melbourne from swimming pools that are almost entirely European.
The British went to the outer east, far south and the Gulf;
Italy to the north and northeastwest;
The Greeks were mixed with Italians in Northcott, Coburg, Preston, Brunswick and Buren, but were also attracted to the south --
East is near Oakley, West is near Williamstown and Altoona.
People in other countries take up their pockets. The Polish-
Born and settled in Caulfield, reflects the fact that most of them are Jewish refugees, the place where Australian Jews set up synagogue and school.
The Maltese went to the western plains, and the Macedonians filled the factories of Dandenong, and the Turks tended to the outside --
Northern suburbs.
Where different nationalities overlap, clusters often reflect close geographical, cultural or political relationships.
For example, the Maltese, as a member of the former British protectorate, settled a large number of British immigrants in the outside south --Eastern suburbs.
The suburbs were shared by the people of Yugoslavia and Greeks, Italians and Turks.
Hass Dellal, executive director of the Australian Multicultural Foundation, said the migration settlement model is the same around the world.
"The settlement of newcomers is determined by economic conditions --jobs -
But they will also be attracted to families or communities where they can be comforted, comforted and supported . "
"People who have come before have established resources and services in addition to government services.
In the first post
In the wave of war immigration, this model is particularly evident in groups like the 1840-year-old Irish who create their own institutions to fill the gaps.
"The Maltese are more suitable because they are Catholics and go to the same church as the Australians and speak English," said Father George Carlo Dimos from the Greek Orthodox Church of Northern Altoona.
On the other hand, the Greeks had to build their own church as a beacon for the community to gather.
"We are united through religion and language and we will have our own festivals and celebrations," said Church elder Con Chrisanthakopoulos . ".
Existing communities first feel the presence of newcomers in a localized and piecemeal manner.
New languages or accents are available in factories, schools, doctor surgeries and hospital waiting rooms.
Gradually, the number of people on the streets is increasing, and new faces are becoming more and more obvious.
Small businesses have emerged, and there are signs of foreign languages, usually when a new group becomes widely visible.
Initially, these businesses tend to offer their communities goods that are not available in the mainstream Australian market.
Then the restaurant.
"I suspect they are not meeting the needs of their community because they don't have the money to go out for dinner," Tence said . ".
"But immigrants know that our tastes are very wide, so they know that a restaurant may be successful because Melbourne is recognized worldwide and they take advantage of Melbourne's good --
Everyone knows the willingness to try new dishes.
"The migration model for the past 25 years has created a more subtle cultural map.
This change is partly due to the arrival of the European Union.
"There is no need for our people to immigrate now," said Father Kalodimos . ".
"They can go anywhere in Europe to find a job, where they can do better than here.
"As European migrants began to slow in the 1970 s, the doors were open to people from the rest of the world.
With the international conflict and civil war, the wave of migration began to ebb: Lebanon, Cyprus and Chile became the main source of migration in the early 70 th century, and then Vietnamese boat people began to arrive in 77.
The expansion of the post-80 s technology immigration project has brought about China-
Professionals from Asia, India and Sri Lanka.
At the same time, refugee reception will move borders every few years based on the hot spots identified by the United Nations-Vietnam, Cambodia, esselbia, Somalia, the Middle East-in the past five years, Sudan.
Bracks said that for the first time since 2000, the number of immigrants in China and India has surpassed those from Britain;
Malaysia and Vietnam are the next most common source countries.
With thousands of international students, the cultural terrain of the city has become very fine.
Bracks believes that this trend can only benefit because India and China will be the two economic powers in the future.
"In terms of trade in the future, our products, the search for investment and our industry, they will be such an important market for us.
If we have more immigrants from these two countries and we have more people coming to our universities and taking back their skills, it will put us in a better position.
"On the ground, it means that there are still similar numbers of staunch elements in 76 years, but new national groups are pushing or surpassing them.
Number of English-
For example, residents born in Box Hill almost doubled
1976 for 125 to 2001 for 212-
But Chinese people, including Hong Kong people, jumped from 17 to 952.
The same has happened in Balwyn, where China and Malaysia have surpassed Britain and Greece.
In the surrounding suburbs of Doncaster, Blackburn and Burwood, the number of Chinese is on the rise, matching the numbers in Britain, Greece and Italy, where the numbers remain fairly stable.
By contrast, it seems that the Vietnamese have replaced the Maltese people in the north. Western suburbs.
Similarly, there are very few English
Italian or Greek born in Richmond and fitz Roy (
The Greeks themselves replaced the Germans from the first. WWII wave)
There are also many Vietnamese in Springville and kesboro.
The 2001 census also shows that Vietnamese are spreading across Melbourne.
"They are buying all the milk bars throughout the city," says Haas Dale . ".
"After 30 or 35 years here, they moved out and started to get into small businesses.
At Sandringham and BlackRock in Brighton, the six milk bars are Vietnamese.
They took the big family and then they began to integrate into the society.
"The ability to disperse is another key to multicultural success," says Bracks.
"If you look at Melbourne, there will be more in the middle --and lower-
"People can move and settle in the income suburbs," he said . ".
"Sydney's wealth is getting smaller and smaller, and the gap between fairly rich and wealthy is getting bigger and bigger --to-
To be a suburb, poor and low. incomesuburbs.
As a result, Sydney is more of an enclave, and people are more likely to gather in certain suburbs due to demographic and cost pressures.
"The spread of Melbourne is obvious in numbers.
Even in a few areas where there are two foreigners
There are thousands of people born, and the whole community is still mixed.
This model masks the general perception that some suburbs have become minority communities.
At Springville Road in Springville, most of the store's signboards are Vietnamese, Chinese and English, but that seems to only mean that these people run these businesses;
More than half of the faces observed on the streetan-
The hours are incredibly racial diversity.
"We won't say that people who immigrate from the UK or New Zealand have created minority communities," says Dellal . ".
As far as Europeans are concerned, they have different religions and languages but look similar physically.
This means that although Box Hill is still dominated by English
After World War II, the Netherlands, Poland and other Europeans were able to settle down there, integrate and quietly maintain their culture.
The Chinese people now live in Box Hill and the surrounding suburbs, mostly in the central region.
Like Australian whites and Europeans, they are top notch professionals but they have to stand out even more.
"The fact that people look different makes people feel that there is no difference between the communities," said SBS Melbourne manager Mike Zafiropoulos . ".
If the suburbs were full of Greeks, people would not know.
Ghettos means separate from other parts of the community or cities in the city, but not here.
There are no slums in Melbourne.
People are happy to move from the suburbs to the suburbs.
Do you think Lygon Street is an Italian slum?
In fact, Malaysians, Singaporeans and Hong Kong Chinese are now the largest overseas Chinese.
Groups born in Carlton;
The Italian moved away a long time ago, only narrowing Lygon Street down to a commercial district in Italy.
History has shown that ethnic concentration is often temporary, Zafiropoulos said.
Eventually people come together.
Can anyone now say where the Irish or Dutch live?
Only a few symbolic places.
It's like people think Carlton is Italian but they don't live here.
However, some cultural gathering is obvious.
Where is English-
The number of births is large, as are Scots and New Zealanders.
Or Indians and Sri Lankan people who live in new residential areas in Harlem, Hampton Park and Mount forge ahead with the British.
This trend reflects the middle
Class, skilled image from South Asian immigrants, but after such a long time under colonial rule, it may also be a cultural affinity with Britain.
Religious and geographically close ties may explain the gathering of Iraqis and Lebanese in the northern suburbs of Turkey near Dallas and kuraroo.
Similarly, there are also frequent occurrences of Greeks and/or Italians, Croats, Serbs and Macedonians.
South Africans are now also present in their hundreds of people at Caulfield, along with the Poles who arrived before
1976. an influx of observers fled the violence of apartheid and
Unstable apartheid
The city of Dandenong is the most culturally diverse city, so there is no dominant ethnic group.
In Dandenong, the top three foreigners
The group born in 2001 came from Sri Lanka, India and Yugoslavia, but they did not account for a proportion of the total number of residents born overseas.
Dandenong North from Sri Lanka, the UK and Italy ranked in the top three (
21 points)
Vietnam, Cambodia and Sri Lanka while in colesboro and Noble Park (combined 25-30 per cent).
In general, 54 of the residents of the city of Dandenong are foreigners --
Born from 151 countries;
48% have nonEnglish-
Speaking background.
This composition reflects the industrial base of the city, which has traditionally provided jobs for new immigrants over the past 50 years, with relatively cheap housing and immigration units providing temporary shelter for refugees.
Pam Gatos, a cultural diversity planner at Dandenong, said: "The city is used to making people come from different parts of the world . "Haviaridis.
But this did not stop wearing when the new team arrived.
Each has an impact on communities that already exist.
A simple example is the Sudanese boys running around the library and swimming pool because they don't think they have to listen to the words of the female librarians and lifeguards.
Color is another problem.
"We are all people," said Phong Nguyen, chairman of the Victoria national community committee . ".
"Xenophobia is directed not only to Angolans.
Vietnamese now see the Africans here and they think we will be like the United States.
They saw bad images of rap music on TV, and their children began to act like African-Americans, who thought that what they only saw on TV was now nearby.
"Carmel Grana, director of the Centre for Multicultural Youth Affairs, said there was some hostility towards the recent refugee group of Africans.
"Africans are new to us," she said . "
"These boys look scary, they are cool, they have a big voice, they are in groups, so the average citizen is scared.
But the children are together because that's what the children do. . .
Anglos does the same, but it gets scared when African boys do things. . .
People who are not used to them together.
We are not used to dark skin here as we do in Western Australia, New South Wales and Queensland, where there are more indigenous populations. . .
But I hope that as Melbourne is dealing with diversity in such a good way, people will be more responsive to Africans.
"If history can pass, it will be a reasonable choice.