Fracking the use of oil and gas from the Earth can be traced back to the 1940 s, but only in the past few years, "fracking" has become an energy buzzword, it mainly refers to the prosperity of shale gas in the United States and all the disputes that follow. Fracking-the high-
Inject water, chemicals and sand into shale deposits to release gas and oil captured in the rock
In recent years, combined with horizontal drilling and other technological improvements, natural gas and oil storage previously considered commercially not feasible has been harvested. (
See interactive: "crushing fuel from rock ")
The impact of this ocean change is controversial, but its impact is undeniable.
In the United States, oil production reached its highest level in 14 years last year, partly because of production in the Bakken shale in North Dakota, which is expected to continue to rise.
Natural gas production has reached a new high due to shale gas, and natural gas production in the United States is expected to increase by 44%S.
Between 2011 and 2040. (
See "national natural gas: EIAS.
The future is shaped by fracking technology. ")
Now, countries around the world, including China, Britain and South Africa, see shale gas development as a potential key to releasing similar unexpected wealth from local energy.
There is a heated debate about whether these global reserves can be safely mined, and whether the damage to the environment caused by fracking natural gas will outweigh the benefits of using cleaner fuels than oil or coal, but it's still fossil fuel.
Both sides have some views on this issue.
"The United States is in the midst of an 'unconventional revolution in oil and gas, 'a revolution that is becoming more and more obvious, surpassing the energy itself.
Industry support today 1. 7m jobs -
Given the relative novelty of the technology, this is a considerable achievement.
By 2020, the figure could rise to 3 million.
In 2012, the revolution added $62 billion in revenue to the federal and state governments, and by 2020 we expect that figure to increase to about $113 billion.
It helps spur the revival of American manufacturing, boost America's competitive position in the global economy, and begin to influence global geopolitics.
Daniel yekin, vice president of global consulting firm IHS, testified to Congress on February: "Natural gas is not a permanent solution to end our addiction to imported oil.
It is a bridge fuel that reduces our dependence on oil, while at the same time fighting for time for us to develop new technologies that ultimately replace fossil fuels for transportation.
At present, natural gas is a key piece of puzzle.
This will help us to keep more of the $350 to $450 billion spent annually on imported oil at home, to power our economy and to pay for our investments in smart grids, wind energy and solar energy have improved energy efficiency.
By investing in alternative energy while using natural gas for transportation and energy production, the United States can reduce its dependence on OPEC oil and developedge know-
How to make wind and solar technology work and keep more money at home to cover the whole cost.
The Pickens program, an overview of BP Capital founder T.
The energy strategy proposed by Boone Pickens "my town is dying. This is a full-
I totally agree with the scale mining operation.
Now we can go back to work.
Brent Sandford, mayor of Watford at the oil boom center in North Dakota, is in the new oil landscape (
NGM March 2013)
"According to some of the research and publications under the high Review, shale oil and gas development pose a risk to air quality, usually due (1)
Engine exhaust caused by increased truck traffic ,(2)
Diesel emissions-
Power pump for power supply of equipment ,(3)
Burning gas (burned)or vented (
Release directly into the atmosphere)
For operational reasons, and (4)
Unintentional discharge of pollutants from faulty equipment or reservoirs-
Temporary storage area.
Similarly, some of the highly reviewed studies and publications indicate that shale oil and natural gas development pollutes surface water and groundwater due to erosion of ground disturbances, poses a risk to water quality, spills and releases of chemicals and other liquids, or underground migration of gases and chemicals.
"Report of the general accounting firm for shale development in September 2012" natural gas "revolution" is low for national development and deployment-
Emission technologies like [
Carbon capture and storage
Coal and natural gas.
Only this type and strict regulatory policies have been simulated here, and these technologies have no market, and shale gas has further reduced interest.
These technologies are necessary under stricter greenhouse gas targets, but shale gas has delayed its market role for 20 years.
As a result, these projects may be hampered during the boom of shale gas.
While using the gift in the short term, natural gas is seen as a "bridge"
The key to future carbon emissions is not to make it easier in the near future
Weaken the long term mission of the effort to prepare for landing at the other end of the bridge.
"A study from shale gas and the United StatesS.
Energy policy of MIT researchers
See also: "Shale gas, according to the study: Gospel that may hinder alternatives ")
"Oil is a leasing business. . . .
When the industry goes south and it goes south, they walk away.
Charman of the Williams County Commissioner's Committee of North Dakota in the new oil landscape (
NGM March 2013)